Flow chart of textile processing:

Yarn Counting Chart

Two-types of yarn count system:

i) Indirect System (Fixed Weight System)

ii) Direct System (Fixed length System)

►Indirect System of counting (chart):

Name of yarn	Length unit	Wt. unit
Cotton	840yds	1 Lb
Glass (UK & USA)	100yds	1 Lb
Linen	300yds	1 Lb
Woolen (American cut)	300yds	1 Lb
Woolen (American run)	100yds	1 Lb
Worsted	560yds	1 Lb
Metric (Tex)	1 k.m/1000 meter	1 Kg (Universal system)

► Direct System of counting (chart):

Name of yarn	Length unit	Wt. unit
Jute	14400yds	1 Lb
Hemp	14400yds	1 Lb
Linen (Coarse)	14400yds	1 Lb
Silk	1000yds	1 dram
Nylon, Vinion	100yds	1 dram
Wool (USA)	20yds	1 grain
Denier	9000 meter	1 gm

What is Textile & Textile Fiber?

A textile was originally a woven fabric, but now the term textile and its plural textiles are also applied to fibers, filaments, yarn (natural & man-made) and most products for which these are principle raw material. The product includes threads, cords, braid, woven and knitted fabric, non-woven fabrics, nets, belts, household textile, Geo-textile, medical textile etc.

A unite of matter characterized by flexibility and fineness and high ratio of length to width is called fiber.

Generally a fiber should be 500 to 1000 times longer than its width.

e.g. Animal- wool,silk, mohair 

      Vegetable- cotton, jute, flax, hemp, jute, sisal, abaca

      Mineral- asbestos

 Filament:

A fiber of indefinite length which is made by artificial way is called filament.

Two types of filament: 1) Mono filament    2) Multi filament  

Yarn:

A product of substantial length and relatively small cross-section consisting of fibers and filaments with or without twist.